abun ciki
Ƙananan raƙuman lu'u-lu'u na polycrystalline (PDC) da aka ƙera don kawar da hawan ruwa na iya inganta ƙimar shiga da kuma haifar da ƙarancin girgiza a cikin manyan majalisai.
Hakanan zasu iya inganta farfadowar asali.
Yin amfani da ɓangarorin antiwhirl a cikin hakowa na jagora yana da ban sha'awa kuma ya haifar da haɓaka ƙa'idodin filin da yawa.
Waɗannan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa suna sarrafa motsi ta wuraren yankan waɗanda ke haifar da sakamakon rashin daidaituwa wanda aka nufa zuwa ƙaramin ma'aunin ma'auni. Sannan an daidaita bitar akan bangon rijiyar burtsatse.
Yawancin gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen filin sun tabbatar da dabi'ar ɓangarorin PDC na al'ada don yin motsi a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin hakowa. Girgizawar da bit ɗin ke haifarwa a lokacin whirling na iya ba da gudummawa ga gazawar yankewa da lalata tubulars da na'urorin lantarki a cikin ma'auni-lokacin-hako kayan aikin.
Lokacin da dan kadan ya yi motsi, yakan kewaya rijiyar baya, sau da yawa yana kara girman ramin da rage yawan shiga saboda rashin aikin hakowa. Ana kuma tunanin karkatar da rai zai gajarta rayuwa.
Ka'idojin ƙira da gwajin hakowa na PDC na antiwhirl da ƙugiya an rufe su a cikin takaddun da aka gabatar a 1992 SPE Taron Fasaha da Nuni na Shekara-shekara, Washington, DC, Oktoba 4-7.
TSIRA DA GWAJI
Musamman ƙera antiwhirl polycrystalline lu'u-lu'u ƙarami (PDC) ragowa suna da raguwar haɓakar girgizawa da juyawa baya, ta haka inganta ƙimar shigar ciki da aikin bit, a cewar CH Cooley da PE Pastusek na Hughes Christensen da LA Sinor na Amoco Production Co. a cikin takardar " Zane da gwaji na anti-whirl bits."
Matsayin abubuwan yankan mutum ɗaya don ƙirƙirar rashin daidaituwar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana kawar da guguwar ja da baya na PDC.
Ƙarfin rashin daidaituwa yana tura ɗan zuwa gefen rijiyar, wanda hakan ya haifar da yanayin jujjuyawar da ba ta dace ba wanda ke ƙin juyawa baya.
Don ɗan yi rawar jiki ba tare da guguwa ba, jeri mai yankan dole ne ya samar da madaidaicin ƙarfin ƙarfi da girma da alkibla. Kowane zane-zane na antiwhirl yana da sashe a kan bit inda ba za a iya sanya abubuwan yankan ba (yankin da ba shi da yanki) ba tare da rage kwanciyar hankali ba.
Kwarewar ta nuna cewa ɓangarorin antiwhirl za su yi motsi a ƙananan zurfin yanke da ƙananan nauyi.
An fi kiran waɗannan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa daidai gwargwado masu jurewa juzu'i saboda suna aiki da sauƙi akan yanayi da yawa fiye da ragi na al'ada.
Matsi na Downhole na iya canza ƙimar shigar ciki wanda duka antiwhirl da daidaitattun raƙuman raƙuman ruwa ke yin sauye-sauye zuwa hakowa mai santsi saboda ana buƙatar ƙarin nauyi a ƙasa saboda karuwar da ke da alaƙa da ƙarfin dutsen. Misali, a cikin gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje, ɓangarorin anti-whirl sun yi sauye-sauye zuwa hakowa mai laushi a kusan 12-24 ft/hr, yayin da raƙuman PDC na al'ada sun yi canji a kusan 96 ft/hr yayin da ake hakowa a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya.
Da alama babu wani yanayi da ya shafi girman ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi zuwa kwanciyar hankali: 17/2 in. antiwhirl bit yana cikin mafi santsi da aka gwada.
A Amoco's Catoosa, Okla., Gwada da kyau inda za'a iya sarrafa yanayi cikin sauƙi, antiwhirl da ɓangarorin PDC na al'ada an gudanar da su a cikin sifofin farar ƙasa. Daidaitaccen bit PDC ya dakatar da hakowa a ƙafa 400 saboda karyewar masu yankan. Sabanin haka, an tono bit ɗin antiwhirl ba tare da matsala ba zuwa ft 1,500 ta cikin manyan duwatsu masu ƙarfi tare da matsananciyar ƙarfi fiye da 60,000 psi.
Sakamakon gwajin filin na ɓangarorin ƙwanƙwasa ya yi wuyar tantancewa saboda sauye-sauye a cikin sifofin da aka haƙa, da bambancin ma'aunin hakowa (nauyi akan bit, saurin juyi, da sauransu), da bambancin kayan aikin hakowa da kayan aiki.
Yawancin 100 ko makamancin antiwhirl PDC bit da ke gudana har zuwa yau a cikin filin sun yi nasara, tare da yawancin masu aiki da ƙimar aikin bit ɗin yana da kyau.
CORE BITS
Ayyukan Coring na iya zama mafi arziƙi tare da ɓangarorin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa waɗanda ke ba da ingantattun ƙimar ƙima, mafi kyawun murmurewa, ingantattun nau'ikan ƙira, da tsawon rai.
Mahimman ragowa suna da sauƙi ga girgizar ƙasa mai kama da waɗanda ke shafar cikakkun ragowa.
Kawar da bit whirl yana rage kwatankwacin ƙwaƙƙwaran matsaloli.
Bugu da ƙari, maƙallan gabaɗaya sun fi santsi kuma sun fi kusa da diamita fiye da waɗanda aka haƙa tare da daidaitattun raƙuman cibiya na PDC.
Sakamakon sakamako tare da 43/4-91/s in. antiwhirl PDC bits sun yi nasara. Fasaha ta antiwhirl ta kuma ba da izinin dawo da muryoyin layin waya da za a iya dawo da su tare da na'urori na al'ada da na'urorin dillalai maimakon ma'adinai da fasahar slimhole, a cewar LA Sinor, TM Warren, SM Behr, da MR Wells na Amoco Production Co. da mai ba da shawara JR Powers in " Haɓaka babban abin da ya hana whirl core bit."
Ci gaba da murɗa a cikin manyan ramuka a tarihi ya sha wahala daga ƙarancin dawo da ƙima saboda yana da wahala ga ɗan ɗan yanke santsin cibiya ƙarami da za a iya dawo da shi ta hanyar ma'auni na al'ada. Kama cibiya ko cushe ganga shi ma matsala ce, tare da rashin aikin yi. Adadin shigar azzakari yawanci a hankali ne, ta yadda abin ya zama tsada sosai don dawo da shi. Wata matsala kuma ita ce rayuwar ɗan ɗanyen PDC na iya zama gajere sosai, yana buƙatar tafiye-tafiye akai-akai.
Fasahar antiwhirl tana kawar da rawar jiki don ba da damar ingantacciyar cibiya mai inganci. Har ila yau, fasahar da aka aro daga masana'antar hakar ma'adinai na inganta aikin dan kadan ta hanyar kara saurin juzu'i na al'ada sau bakwai, zuwa gudun 700-900 rpm. Maɗaukakin saurin gudu yana haɓaka ƙimar shiga cikin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira.
Haɗin waɗannan fasahohin ya ba da damar dawo da maƙallan ƙira a cikin ayyuka da yawa inda dabarun coring na al'ada a baya sun gaza.
LOADON NONAXISYMMEtric
Jerin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen filin suna nuna cewa raguwar antiwhirl suna da ƙarfi a kan yanayin ɗaukar nauyi da yawa, a cewar PE Pastusek, CH Cooley, da M. Anderson na Hughes Christensen da LA Sinor na Amoco Production Co., a cikin “Directional and Halayen kwanciyar hankali na ɓangarorin anti-whirl tare da ɗaukar nauyi marasa axis.
Idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar ƙirar lu'u-lu'u na al'ada na polycrystalline (PDC), ɓangarorin antiwhirl suna ƙara yin rawar jiki zuwa inda aka nuna su kuma ba su da tasiri ta inda aka tura su.
Abubuwa uku marasa daidaituwa na iya shafar kwanciyar hankali:
Ana amfani da nauyin gefe na waje zuwa ɗan lokacin lokacin da ake amfani da majalissar jagora ko kuma lokacin da aka haƙa rijiyoyi masu tsayi.
A cikin dutsen anisotropic, rundunonin yankan suna canzawa yayin da bit ke jujjuyawa, ta haka ne ke canza ma'aunin ƙarfi na bit tare da lokaci.
Tare da majalissar da za'a iya sarrafa ta, an karkatar da axis ɗin dangane da alkiblar motsi, yana canza ƙarfin rashin daidaituwar sakamakon.
Zane-zanen bitar Antiwhirl da aka kimanta don kwanciyar hankali an gano ba su da kulawa ga tsarin anisotropic da lodin gefen waje fiye da ragi na al'ada.
Ƙaƙwalwar axis da aka ci karo da hakowa tare da na'urori masu motsi a cikin nau'ikan juyi da zamewa baya shafar kwanciyar hankali na ƙirar antiwhirl da aka gwada.
Ƙididdiga na ɓangarorin ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyiyar ƙwanƙwasa a kan tsarin da za a iya sarrafa su ya yi ƙasa da na na PDC na al'ada.
Ana danganta ƙananan ƙimar ga ƙirar kushin ma'auni mai santsi akan raƙuman ruwa na antiwhirl.
Ramin jujjuyawa tare da tsarin tuƙi ya bayyana yana da alaƙa da guguwar bitar, tare da tsayin igiyar ruwa ana sarrafa ta nisa tsakanin bit, stabilizer, da lanƙwasa mota.
The hakowa na gwaji rijiyoyin biyu a kan steerable da kusurwa gina motor taro yadda ya kamata idan aka kwatanta da martani na al'ada da antiwhirl PDC ragowa.
Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen sun taimaka haɓaka wasu ƙa'idodin filin aiki:
Ya kamata a yi amfani da manyan juzu'i/ƙananan injuna. Domin ana iya hakowa da ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙira tare da ɓangarori na antiwhirl, babban juzu'i mai ƙarfi yana ba da izinin amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin bit mafi girma da ake buƙata don kwanciyar hankali.
Don fara hakowa, bit ɗin ya kamata ya taɓa ƙasa tare da rabin ƙimar hakowa na yau da kullun, sa'an nan kuma ya kamata a kawo nauyin nauyi da yawan kwarara a lokaci guda. Wannan hanya yakamata ta rage yuwuwar ci gaba da guguwar kasa da zarar an dawo hakowa.
A cikin yanayin tuƙi, saurin bututu ya kamata ya kasance a hankali (20-40 rpm). Maɗaukakin gudu yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali.
Ya kamata a daidaita tsarin rijiyar da ramin rami na ƙasa don bambance-bambancen ƙimar ginin; wannan ya danganta da ɗan abin da aka yi amfani da shi a baya da kuma ko ya haƙa rami mai wuce gona da iri.
Xi'an Tydrillbits na ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ma'aikata na PDC daga China. Za mu iya samar da nau'ikan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa na PDC, ƙananan raƙuman ruwa masu ciki, PDC ja ragowa, raƙuman hako dutse da sauransu. Barka da zuwa tuntuɓar mu idan kuna buƙatar ɗayansu, za mu samar da samfuran inganci da sabis mai kyau. Idan kuna buƙatar kowane samfuran mu, maraba don tuntuɓar mu ta robert@tydrillbits.com
